COMMON ELIGIBILITY TEST -pros and cons

 On 19 aug 2020 union cabinet has approved the creation of national recruitment agency (NRC) to conduct an online preliminary examination and shortlist candidates for group B and group C posts in central govt departments and public sector banks

 Secretary of the Department of Personnel and Training (DoPT) C. Chandramouli said that to begin with, three of the over 20 Central government recruitment agencies would be brought under the NRA. 

It will replace only preliminary examinations of these 3 recruitment bodies RRB(Railway Recruitment Board) SSC(Staff Selection Commission) IBPS(Institute Of Banking and Personnel selection,the mains,tier 2 examination will be conducted separately by these three organisations

Benefits

The exam would be held online and centres would be set up in every district to increase access for candidates

“The CET score of the candidate shall be valid for a period of three years from the date of declaration of the result. The best of the valid scores shall be deemed to be the current score of the candidate. There shall be no restriction on the number of attempts to be taken by a candidate to appear in the CET subject to the upper age limit”

Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes candidates would be given a relaxation in the age limit as per the government’s policy

Cons

    Apart from various benefits the only problem is the syllabus, students are anxious to     know the syllabus of this  examination,because the pattern followed by these three   recruitment agencies is different     and the student preparing for any of these exams has to study the new syllabus according to the new recruitment agency,

and if student fails to pass CET the student will not be eligible for any recruitment conducted by these three agencies within the period.

Uttarakhand gk questions for group c

जनसंख्या की दृष्टि से उत्तराखण्ड का देश में कौन सा स्थान है- 20 वा

क्षेत्रफल की दृष्टि से उत्तराखण्ड का देश में कौन सा स्थान है – 18 वा
उत्तराखण्ड का वन क्षेत्र कितने वर्ग क्षेत्रफल किमी में फैला है – 34651 किमी
उत्तराखण्ड का कुल क्षेत्रफल कितना है – 53483 वर्ग किमी
उत्तराखण्ड का नाम उत्तरांचल से उत्तराखण्ड किस वर्ष परिवर्तित हुआ – 1 जनवरी 2007
उत्तराखण्ड किस वर्ष अस्तित्व में आया था – 9 नवम्बर 2000
उत्तराखण्ड के राज्य पशु का वैज्ञानिक नाम क्या है – moschus chrysogaster
उत्तराखण्ड के राज्य पक्षी का क्या नाम है – मोनाल
उत्तराखण्ड के राज्य पक्षी का वैज्ञानिक नाम क्या है – lomphophorus impegenous
उत्तराखण्ड के राज्य पुष्प का नाम क्या है – ब्रह्म कमल
उत्तराखण्ड के राज्य पुष्प का साइंटिफिक नाम क्या है – saussurea obvallata
उत्तराखण्ड के राज्य वृक्ष का क्या नाम है – बुरांस
उत्तराखण्ड के राज्य वृक्ष का वैज्ञानिक नाम क्या है – rhododendron arboretum
ब्रह्म कमल उत्तराखण्ड में हिमालय की पहाड़ियों में कितने फुट उच्चाई पर मिलते है – 12 -15 हजार फुट ऊंचाई
उत्तराखण्ड का प्रथम उल्लेख किसमे मिलता है – ऋग्वेद
राज्य सरकार द्धारा राज्य प्रतीक चिन्हों का निर्धारण किस वर्ष किया गया – 2001
उत्तराखण्ड के लिए “उत्तर- कुरु “शब्द को प्रयोग ककिस ग्रन्थ में प्रयुक्त किया गया है – ऐतरेय ब्राहमण
उत्तराखण्ड का प्रथम ऐतिहासिक राजवंश किसे माना जाता – कार्तिकेयपुर राजवंश को
उत्तराखण्ड में शासन करने वाली प्रथम राजनीतिक शक्ति कौन थी – कुणिन्द शासक
प्राचीन ग्रंथो में केदारनाथ को किस नाम से जाना जाता था – भृंगतुंग
उत्तराखण्ड में देश की कुल कितने प्रतिशत जनसँख्या निवास करती है – 0.84 % प्रतिशत
उत्तराखण्ड में राज्य के वनों की नीलामी के लिए आंदोलन कब हुए थे – वर्ष 1977
उत्तराखण्ड में मुख्या फैसले कौन सी है – धान ,गेहू चना
उत्तराखण्ड में टिहरी विरासत का विलय किस वर्ष हुआ – 1949
उत्तराखण्ड में कत्यूरी घाटी कुमांऊँ में स्वतंत्र राज्य की नीव किस शासक ने डाली थी –बसन्त देव
उत्तराखण्ड का क्षेत्रफल भारत के कुल क्षेत्रफल का कितना प्रतिशत है – 1.69% प्रतिशत
उत्तराखण्ड में प्राचीन काल में शिवालिक पहाड़ियों को क्या कहा जाता था- मेनका
उत्तराखण्ड में मसूरी की पहाड़ी हिमालय की किस श्रेणी में आती है – मध्य हिमालय श्रेणी
ब्रिटिश उत्तरांचल को संयुक्त प्रान्त आगरा व अवध का अंग कब बनाया गया था – वर्ष 1912
उत्तराखण्ड में प्रथम,स्वतंत्रता सैनानी होने का गौरव किस व्यक्ति को प्राप्त है – कालू सिंह महरा
उत्तराखण्ड में मेती आंदोलन का उद्देश्य किससे था – वृक्षारोपण को बढ़ावा देने से
उत्तराखण्ड में टिहरी प्रान्त में ढोढक आंदोलन किससे सम्बन्धित था – मजदूरो से
उत्तराखण्ड में अल्मोडा में नशाबंदी किस वर्ष लागू हुई थी – जून 1984
उत्तराखण्ड में नैनीताल में किस वर्ष कुमाऊँ विश्विद्यालय की स्थापना की गई थी – 1973
उत्तराखण्ड का सर्वाधिक लिंगानुपात वाला जिला कौन सा है – अल्मोड़ा
उत्तराखण्ड का सर्वाधिक जनसँख्या वाला जिला कौन सा है – हरिद्धार
उत्तराखण्ड में सर्वाधिक दशकीय जनसँख्या वृद्धि वाला जिला कौन सा है – उधमसिंह नगर
उत्तराखण्ड में 2011 के अनुसार कुल कितनी प्रतिशत साक्षरता है – 79.63 %
उत्तराखण्ड में 0 -6 वर्ष तक के शिशिओं की कुल कितनी जनसँख्या है – 13,28 ,844
उत्तराखण्ड में सर्वाधिक जनसँख्या घनत्व वाला जिला कौन सा है- हरिद्धार 817
उत्तराखण्ड में न्यूनतम घनत्व वाला जिला कौन सा है – उत्तरकाशी 41
उत्तराखण्ड का सर्वाधिक साक्षरता वाला जिला कौन सा है – देहरादून (85.24%)
उत्तराखण्ड में न्यूनतम साक्षरता वाला जिला कौन सा है –उधमसिंह नगर (74.44%)
उत्तराखण्ड का न्यूनतम लिंगानुपात वाला जिला कौन सा है – हरिद्धार 879
उत्तराखण्ड का सर्वाधिक पुरुष साक्षरता वाला जिला कौन सा है –रुद्रप्रयाग (94.97%
उत्तराखण्ड में सर्वाधिक महिला साक्षरता वाला जिला कौन सा है – देहरादून (79.61%)
उत्तराखण्ड में न्यूनतम महिला साक्षरता ;वाला जिला कौन सा है – टिहरी गढ़वाल (61.77%)
उत्तराखण्ड में उत्तर रेलवे का अंतिम स्टेशन कौन सा है – देहरादून
उत्तराखण्ड में प्राथमिक स्वास्थ्य केन्द्रों की संख्या कितनी है – 254
उत्तराखण्ड में प्राचीन काल में शिक्षा के दो प्रमुख केन्द्र कौन से थे – बद्रिकाश्रम एवं कण्वाश्रम
उत्तराखण्ड में उच्च शिक्षा निदेशालय कहा स्थित है – haldwani (नैनीताल )
उत्तराखण्ड में दून विश्वविध्यालय की स्थापना किस वर्ष हुई – 2004
राज्य में 2004 में अखिल भारतीय आयुर्विज्ञान संस्थान की स्थापना कहा की गयी थी – ऋषिकेश
उत्तराखण्ड में अक्षय ऊर्जा विकास अभिक

How to be healthy and fit?

In a world of all-round pollution, contamination and adulteration, it is not easy to remain healthy and fit. We must be vigilant against all those things which adversely affect our health and fitness. Annual health check-ups are important to be aware of our level of health. We can take precautions or seek medical check-ups accordingly. What is important is that we should eat a balanced diet. We must avoid fast and junk food. Fast food is harmful and may cause such ailments as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cancer and heart diseases. Instead of burgers, pizzas, potato chips, we should eat fruits and vegetables. Daily exercise is a must to keep us healthy and fit. Yoga can help us in overcoming day-to-day stress and strain. A long morning walk keeps us fresh and energetic. But above all, we must avoid negative thoughts and stressful living. We should learn to be contented with what we have. It is the key to health and happiness.
                 

STRIKES: THE BANE FOR DEMOCRACY

Democracy has given us the right to lodge protest against injustice and exploitation. We can go on a strike, or arrange a rally or procession. But today this right is being misused to hamper work and progress. Workers in factories and employees in offices resort to strikes so often that they have lost their meaning and even effectiveness. Long-term policies of the government are challenged by the employees by strike work. Whenever there is a move to discipline the workers, there is a strike. Whenever to face strike, dharnas, protest marches and the like. People want prosperity and growth, but dislike any rise in taxes, prices and input costs. Political parties in power do their best to suppress any form of public protest. The same parties out of power instigate people to go on strikes on flimsy grounds. People must realize that democracy cannot go on in such an atmosphere of trumped up, unjustifiable strikes and 'bundhs'. 

Monetary Policy

Monetary policy is the policy of the government which corrects the situations of excess and deficient demand by regulating interest rate and availability of credit in the economy.Interest rate is the cost of credit.The cost of credit is raised and availability of credit is reduced when excess demand is to be corrected.this is called Dear money policy.
On the other hand cost of credit is reduced and availability of credit is increased when deficient demand is to be corrected.this is called Cheap money policy.


Components of monetary policy        

              
Open Market Operations

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   An open market operation is an instrument of monetary policy which involves buying or selling of government securities from or to the public and banks. This mechanism influences the reserve position of the banks, yield on government securities and cost of bank credit. The RBI sells government securities to control the flow of credit and buys government securities to increase credit flow. Open market operation makes bank rate policy effective and maintains stability in government securities market.

Cash Reserve Ratio

Cash Reserve Ratio is a certain percentage of bank deposits which banks are required to keep with RBI in the form of reserves or balances. Higher the CRR with the RBI lower will be the liquidity in the system and vice versa. RBI is empowered to vary CRR between 15 percent and 3 percent. But as per the suggestion by the Narsimham committee Report the CRR was reduced from 15% in the 1990 to 5 percent in 2002. As of 4 October 2016, the CRR is 4.00 percent.

Statutory Liquidity Ratio

Every financial institution has to maintain a certain quantity of liquid assets with themselves at any point of time of their total time and demand liabilities. These assets have to be kept in non cash form such as G-secs precious metals, approved securities like bonds etc. The ratio of the liquid assets to time and demand assets is termed as the Statutory liquidity ratio.There was a reduction of SLR from 38.5% to 25% because of the suggestion by Narsimham Committee. The current SLR is 19.50%. This will be reduced to 20% with effect from 24th June 2017 in line with the changes in RBI Credit Policy.

Bank Rate Policy

The bank rate, also known as the discount rate, is the rate of interest charged by the RBI for providing funds or loans to the banking system. This banking system involves commercial and co-operative banks, Industrial Development Bank of India, IFC, EXIM Bank, and other approved financial institutes. Funds are provided either through lending directly or discounting or buying money market instruments like commercial bills and treasury bills. Increase in Bank Rate increases the cost of borrowing by commercial banks which results in the reduction in credit volume to the banks and hence declines the supply of money

Credit Ceiling

In this operation RBI issues prior information or direction that loans to the commercial banks will be given up to a certain limit. In this case commercial bank will be tight in advancing loans to the public. They will allocate loans to limited sectors. 

Credit Authorization Scheme

Credit Authorization Scheme was introduced in November, 1965 when P C Bhattacharya was the chairman of RBI. Under this instrument of credit regulation RBI as per the guideline authorizes the banks to advance loans to desired sectors.

Moral Suasion

Moral Suasion is just as a request by the RBI to the commercial banks to take so and so action and measures in so and so trend of the economy. RBI may request commercial banks not to give loans for unproductive purpose which does not add to economic growth but increases inflation

Repo Rate and Reverse Repo Rate

Repo rate is the rate at which RBI lends to its clients generally against government securities. Reduction in Repo rate helps the commercial banks to get money at a cheaper rate and increase in Repo rate discourages the commercial banks to get money as the rate increases and becomes expensive. Reverse Repo rate is the rate at which RBI borrows money from the commercial banks. The increase in the Repo rate will increase the cost of borrowing and lending of the banks which will discourage the public to borrow money and will encourage them to deposit. As the rates are high the availability of credit and demand decreases resulting to decrease in inflation. This increase in Repo Rate and Reverse Repo Rate is a symbol of tightening of the policy.

federalism

Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country.Usually,a federation has two levels of government.one is the government of entire country that is usually responsible for a few subjects of common national interest.the others are governments at level of provinces or states that look after much of day-to-day administering of their state.Both these level of governments enjoy their power independent of the other.

some of the key feature of federalism:

• their are two or more levels of government
• different tiers of government govern the same citizens,but each tier has its own jurisdiction in specific matters of legislation,taxation and administration
• the fundamental provisions of the constitution cannot be unilaterally changed by one level of government.
• courts have the power to interpret the constitution and the power of different levels of government
• the federal system thus has dual objectives:to safeguard and promote unity of the country,while at the same time accommodate regional diversity.

the exact balance of power between the central and state government varies from one federation to another.this balance depends mainly on this historical context in which federation was formed.their are two kinds of route though which federation have been formed .the first route involve independent states coming together on their own to form bigger unit,this type of coming together federations involve USA,Switzerland,Australia.

The second route is where a large country decide to divide its power between the constituent states and the national government ,India Spain and Belgium are the examples of this kind of holding together federations.

The Role Of Police

The rate of crime considerably risen in all metropolitan cities.Delhi has emerged as the capital of crime.Mumbai is also known for big gangsters.Thefts,robberies,abductions,killings rapes have become quite common.The police force has been found wanting time and again.
The problem with the police is that it operates on traditional lines. It employs age old methods of capturing suspects and torturing them to solve the crime.The economic offenders and criminals are far ahead of the police in devising strategies and implementing them.
in order to maintain law and order effectively,police should be trained thoroughly.It should make use of scientific techniques to deal with criminals.The intelligence wing of the police should be modernized and equipped with latest security gadgets.Only then can we hope to lessen the crime rate in big cities.